A mast cell degranulating peptide
Mastoparan is a mast cell degranulating peptide originally isolated from Vespid wasp venom. It promotes degranulation by increasing GTPase activity for G i and G o signaling independent of G protein-coupled receptor binding. Mastoparan also binds calmodulin (K d = 0.3 nM) and inhibits the calmodulin-induced activation of phosphodiesterase (IC 50 = 0.02 µM). In vitro, mastoparan was effective in killing leukemia, myeloma, and breast cancer cells (IC 50 s = 8-9.2, 11, and 20-24 µM, respectively). It worked synergistically with gemcitabine in a mouse model of mammary carcinoma.
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