A medication used to treat diseases of the bone such as osteoporosis and Paget's disease.
DB00017
Protein Based Therapies:
Phase 0: 0
Phase 1: 4
Phase 2: 8
Phase 3: 10
Phase 4: 8
Salmon calcitonin is a synthetic peptide form of calcitonin used to inhibit bone resorption in the treatment of hypercalcemia, osteoporosis, and Paget's disease.
Calcimar, Fortical, Miacalcin
Salmon calcitonin
Synthetic peptide, 32 residues long formulated as a nasal spray.
Protein Based Therapies
Groups Approved, Investigational
Protein Chemical Formula C 145 H 240 N 44 O 48 S 2
Protein Average Weight 3431.853 Da
Calcitonin inhibits bone resorption by osteoclasts (bone remodeling cells) and promotes bone formation by osteoblasts. This leads to a net increase in bone mass and a reduction in plasma calcium levels. It also promotes the renal excretion of ions such as calcium, phosphate, sodium, magnesium, and potassium by decreasing tubular reabsorption. In consequence, there is an increase in the jejunal secretion of water, sodium, potassium, and chloride.
Calcitonin binds to the calcitonin receptor (found primarily in osteoclasts) which then enhances the production of vitamin D producing enzymes (25-hydroxyvitamine D-24-hydroxylase), leading to greater calcium retention and enhanced bone density. Binding of calcitonin to its receptor also activates adenylyl cyclase and the phosphatidyl-inositol-calcium pathway.
Salmon calcitonin is rapidly absorbed with bioavailability of 71% following subcutaneous injection and 66% following intramuscular injection in humans. Via the nasal route, the bioavailability varies between 3 to 5% relative to IM.
0.15 to 0.3 L/kg
Protein binding is about 30 to 40%.
Salmon calcitonin primarily undergoes degradation in the kidneys to form pharmacologically inactive metabolites. It is also metabolized in the blood and the peripheral tissue.
Urine. Studies with injectable calcitonin show increases in the excretion of filtered phosphate, calcium, and sodium by decreasing their tubular reabsorption in the kidney.
Half-life elimination (terminal): I.M. 58 minutes; SubQ 59 to 64 minutes; Nasal: ~18 to 23 minutes
Not Available
Salmon calcitonin was shown to inhibit lactation in animals and is not recommend in nursing mothers. While research in animals have shown a decrease in fetal weight, no studies have yet shown similar results in humans. It is recommended however to proceed carefully when administering salmon calcitonin to pregnant women and consider if the benefits outweigh the risks. Because of its protein nature, salmon calcitonin may provoke an allergy reaction (bronchospams and swelling of the tongue/throat) that can turn into a full-blown anaphylactic response. The manufacturer also reports an increase in the risk of malignancies from oral route (0.7%) to intranasal route (2.4%) compared to placebo. The same may apply to IV, IM and SC routes since the systemic exposure is higher in those cases. Nausea is noticeable in some patients but tends to decrease with continued administration. Rhinitis, headaches and back pain have also been reported among others.
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Calcimar
Description Not Available
Organic Compounds
Organic Acids
Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives
Amino Acids, Peptides, and Analogues
Peptides
7SFC6U2VI5
47931-85-1
Marcos C. Poblet, Berta P. Obiols, Gemma J. Farres, "Procedure for preparing salmon calcitonin." U.S. Patent US5527881, issued October, 1991.
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